Table 1 Prevalence of childhood abuse and neglect in American Indians/Alaska natives, by year of study

Lodico et al. 1996

9^th and 12^th grade students of a Midwestern state; 10% random sample of all white, African American, and AI/AN respondents with anonymous self-report survey of risk behaviors

494 AI/AN adolescents

Lifetime sexual abuse by family

2%

Lifetime sexual abuse by nonfamily members

10%

Lifetime sexual abuse by both family and nonfamily members

6%

Lifetime any form of sexual abuse both genders

17%

Lifetime any form of sexual abuse in males

8%

Lifetime any form of sexual abuse in females

28%

Robin et al. 1997

Southwestern tribe; enrolled tribal members over age 21; semi-structured psychiatric interview

582 AI/AN adults

Childhood sexual abuse occurring before 16 years of age in women

49%

≥21 years of age

Childhood sexual abuse occurring before 16 years of age in men

14%

Saewyc et al. 2003

2 cohorts (1992, 1998) of 9^th and 12^th graders in Minnesota public schools completing state-wide anonymous self-report survey of risk behavior

1992: 750 AI/AN adolescents

Lifetime sexual abuse by family

3%

Sexual abuse by nonfamily members

8%

Lifetime prevalence of sexual abuse by both family and nonfamily members

7%

Lifetime any form of sexual abuse

18%

1998: 548 AI/AN adolescents

Lifetime sexual abuse by family

3%

Lifetime sexual abuse by nonfamily member

10%

Lifetime sexual abuse by both family and nonfamily members

4%

Lifetime any form of sexual abuse

17%

Duran et al. 2004

Outpatient primary care clinic at community-based Indian Health Hospital in Albuquerque, clinic-based sampling with self-report survey

234 AI/AN women age 18-45

At least one type of maltreatment in childhood

77%

Childhood neglect

63%

Childhood emotional abuse

55%

Childhood sexual abuse

44%

Childhood physical abuse

42%

Childhood sexual and physical abuse

28%

Libby et al. 2005

Southwestern tribe and 2 closely affiliated Northern plains tribes; stratified random sampling of tribal rolls computer-assisted in-person interviews

Southwest tribe

Childhood physical abuse before age 13 in males

7%

1,446 Southwest tribal members age 15-54

Childhood sexual abuse before age 13 in males

2%

Childhood physical abuse before age 13 in females

7%

Childhood sexual abuse before age 13 in females

8%

Childhood physical abuse before age 13 in both males and females males

7%

Childhood sexual abuse before age 13 in both males and females

5%

Northern Plains tribes

Childhood physical abuse before age 13 in males

7%

1,638 Northern Plains tribal members age 15-54 (3,084 AI/AN participants total)

Childhood sexual abuse

1%

Childhood physical abuse before age 13 in females

9%

Childhood sexual abuse before age 13 in females

7%

Childhood physical abuse before age 13 in both males and females

8%

Childhood sexual abuse before age 13 in both males and females

4%

Hanson et al. 2006

U.S. National household probability sample of 12-17 year olds with self-report survey

139 AI/AN adolescents

Lifetime physically abusive punishment by caretakers

15%

Lifetime intrafamilial sexual abuse

4%

Lifetime extrafamilial sexual abuse

11%

Saylors and Daliparthy 2006

Residential and outpatient substance abuse treatment settings in urban Oakland and San Francisco, California; self-report survey

283 AI/AN women in treatment

Childhood sexual abuse

56%

First incident at ages 1-5

37%

First incident at ages 6-10

37%

de Ravello et al. 2008

New Mexico prison system; self-report survey

36 AI/AN incarcerated women age 20-60 years

Childhood sexual abuse

53%

Childhood physical abuse

42%

Childhood physical and sexual abuse

33%

Childhood physical neglect

22%

Hawkins et al. 2010

U.S. National household probability sample of 12-17 year olds with self-report survey

86 AI/AN adolescents

Lifetime physical abuse by caretakers

15%

Welch and Bonner 2013

Oklahoma death review board files of fatalities attributed to child neglect; administrative data

47 AI/AN child death cases

Fatality due to neglect

13%