| Included N (%) or mean (95% CI) | Excluded N (%) or mean (95% CI) | p value |
---|---|---|---|
Patient-level variables | n = 6,078 | n = 161 |  |
 Demographic information |  |  |  |
  Age | 54.6 (54.0 to 55.2) | 57.1 (53.7 to 60.6) | 0.16 |
  Sex (male) | 3,339 (54.8) | 78 (48.5) | 0.11 |
 Race/ethnicity |  |  | 0.51 |
  White | 3,099 (51.0) | 89 (55.3) |  |
  Black | 1,216 (20.0) | 34 (21.1) |  |
  Hispanic/Latino | 1,459 (24.0) | 32 (19.9) |  |
  All other races | 304 (5.0) | 6 (3.7) |  |
 Healthcare/event data |  |  |  |
  Uninsured | 1,618 (26.6) | 25 (15.5) | 0.002 |
  Alcohol intoxication | 595 (9.8) | 13 (8.1) | 0.47 |
  Elixhauser Comorbidity Score | 2.0 (2.0 to 2.1) | 2.1 (1.9 to 2.4) | 0.50 |
  Length of hospital stay (days) | 5.6 (5.4 to 5.8) | 4.6 (3.8 to 5.4) | 0.02 |
  Trauma center admission | 3,920 (64.5) | 95 (59.0) | 0.15 |
  Penetrating mechanism of injury | 546 (10.8) | 8 (5.8) | 0.06 |
  TMPM, p(death) | 0.05 (0.05 to 0.05) | 0.04 (0.03 to 0.07) | 0.14 |
  Died | 191 (3.2) | 3 (1.9) | 0.35 |
Census tract-level variables | n = 510 | n = 16 |  |
  Trauma/100,000 | 344.8 (328.2 to 361.4) | 275.5 (220.1 to 331.0) | 0.02 |
  Alcohol retail/100,000 | 49.4 (41.6 to 57.2) | 41.7 (18.9 to 64.5) | 0.51 |
  Population density | 5,311.7 (4,944.2 to 5679.2) | 4,146.5 (2,610.6 to 5,682.5) | 0.14 |
  % Younger than 18 | 26.4 (25.7 to 27.1) | 27.9 (24.4 to 31.4) | 0.38 |
  % 65 and older | 9.4 (8.8 to 9.9) | 7.9 (6.1 to 9.7) | 0.12 |
  % White race | 58.5 (56.4 to 60.5) | 62.7 (50.1 to 75.2) | 0.49 |
  % Black race | 21.2 (19.1 to 23.2) | 23.5 (9.3 to 37.7) | 0.74 |
  % Hispanic/Latino | 35.8 (33.5 to 38.0) | 36.7 (22.9 to 50.5) | 0.89 |
  % High school graduates | 76.1 (74.5 to 77.7) | 73.5 (62.2 to 84.7) | 0.64 |
  % Owner-occupied housing | 54.3 (51.9 to 56.6) | 60.7 (47.1 to 74.3) | 0.34 |
  Median household income in thousands | $55.9 (52.9 to 58.9) | $53.5 (45.2 to 61.8) | 0.58 |
  Living below poverty level | 18.6 (17.4 to 19.7) | 14.1 (9.3 to 21.0) | 0.24 |
  Unemployment, age 20 to 64 years old | 7.7 (7.3 to 8.1) | 6.0 (4.7 to 7.2) | 0.01 |