Association between concussion and mental health in former collegiate athletes

Table 6 Mean differences of impulsivity and aggression, by self-reported total concussion history ^a

Total concussions	n	Crude MD		Adjusted MD
Total concussions	n	MD	95% CI	MD	95% CI
Impulsivity (BIS15)^{b, c}
0	476	0		0
1	142	2.0	(0.9, 3.1)	1.1	(-0.0, 2.1)
2	67	3.4	(1.8, 4.9)	2.7	(1.2, 4.1)
3+	92	2.7	(1.4, 4.0)	1.9	(0.6, 3.2)
Aggression (BPAQ-SF)^{b, d}
0	477	0		0
1	143	0.8	(-0.5, 2.2)	0.0	(-1.3, 1.4)
2	67	2.7	(0.8, 4.5)	1.8	(-0.0, 3.7)
3+	94	4.5	(2.9, 6.1)	3.0	(1.4, 4.7)

NOTE: BIS15 = Short Form of the Barratt Impulsiveness scale; BPAQ-SF = 12-item Short Form of the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire; MD = Mean difference; CI = Confidence interval.
^aTotal concussions includes all sport- and non-sport-related concussions.
^bModels utilized continuous outcomes and predicted mean differences using linear regression.
^cAdjusted models control for alcohol dependence, family history of anxiety, relationship status, education (obtained post-graduate degree), played primary college sport professionally.
^dAdjusted models control for alcohol dependence, sex, relationship status , played primary college sport professionally, and current BMI.

ISSN: 2197-1714