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Table 3 Injury types and outcomes for those experiencing head injuries according to helmet use

From: Pediatric bicycle-related head injuries: a population-based study in a county without a helmet law

 

Helmet use

 
 

Yes (N = 87)

No (N = 224)

Unknown (N = 189)

 

Characteristic

No. (%)

No. (%)

No. (%)

p value†

Type of injuryab

    

 Laceration

43 (49.4)

90 (40.2)

93 (49.2)

0.139

 Contusion

29 (33.3)

91 (40.6)

52 (27.5)

0.236

 Abrasion

41 (47.1)

123 (54.9)

80 (42.3)

0.217

 Fracture

8 (9.2)

15 (6.7)

4 (14.8)

0.445

 Brain injury

12 (13.8)

63 (28.1)

22 (11.6)

0.008

 Other

17 (19.5)

46 (20.5)

33 (17.5)

0.845

Outcomes

    

 Head CT/X-ray obtainedb

10 (11.5)

72 (32.1)

28 (14.8)

<0.001

 Hospitalizationb

3 (3.4)

19 (8.5)

5 (2.6)

0.144

 PICU admissionc

0 (0.0)

6 (2.7)

0 (0.0)

0.191

 Permanent neurologic injuryc

0 (0.0)

3 (1.3)

1 (0.5)

0.562

 Post traumatic seizurec

0 (0.0)

2 (0.9)

1 (0.5)

>0.99

 Need for mechanical ventilationc

0 (0.0)

3 (1.3)

0 (0.0)

0.562

 Mortalityc

0 (0.0)

2 (0.9)

0 (0.0)

>0.99

  1. †Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test comparing the frequency of the given event between those wearing a helmet vs. not. Those with unknown helmet use are excluded from this comparison
  2. aPatients may have had multiple injury types or experienced multiple outcomes
  3. bComparison performed using chi-square test
  4. cComparison performed using Fisher’s exact test