Skip to main content

Table 2 Serious/fatal injury of rear-seated adult passengers involved in a side crash: Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (with 95 % CIs) using multilevel logistic regression, NASS/GES, 2011–2014

From: Side impact motor vehicle crashes: driver, passenger, vehicle and crash characteristics for fatally and nonfatally-injured rear-seated adults

 

Unadjusted

Belt status adjusted

Multivariable adjusted with rollovera

Multivariable adjusted without rolloverb

Passenger Characteristics

 Age, continuous

0.99

(0.97, 1.01)

0.99

(0.97, 1.01)

1.02

(1.02, 1.02)

1.02

(1.02, 1.02)

 Gender

  Male

 

ref

 

ref

 

ref

 

ref

  Female

5.38

(4.31, 6.72)

2.51

(2.16, 2.92)

1.43

(1.27, 1.60)

1.07

(0.98, 1.18)

 Seating position

  Left

 

ref

 

ref

    

  Middle

0.25

(0.17, 0.35)

0.01

(0.01, 0.02)

    

  Right

1.28

(1.08, 1.51)

0.98

(0.84, 1.14)

    

 Restraint Status

  Yes

 

ref

   

ref

 

ref

  No

9.44

(3.02, 29.50)

 

-

22.95

(18.36, 28.68)

10.55

(9.12, 12.21)

Driver Characteristics

 Age

  15–19

 

ref

 

ref

    

  20–44

0.80

(0.71, 0.90)

1.23

(0.88, 1.72)

    

  45–64

0.47

(0.41, 0.55)

1.29

(0.89, 1.86)

    

  65+

0.77

(0.65, 0.92)

1.40

(0.88, 2.23)

    

 Gender

  Male

 

ref

 

ref

 

ref

 

ref

  Female

1.59

(1.29, 1.96)

1.77

(1.40, 2.22)

2.36

(2.08, 2.67)

2.25

(2.04, 2.49)

 Restraint Status

  No

 

ref

 

ref

 

ref

 

ref

  Yes

4.24

(3.42, 5.26)

2.36

(1.63, 3.41)

6.32

(4.75, 8.41)

2.35

(1.84, 3.00)

 Alcohol involved

  No

 

ref

 

ref

 

ref

 

ref

  Yes

44.95

(9.39, 215.19)

1.60

(1.30, 1.97)

13.76

(10.38, 18.25)

11.98

(9.57, 14.99)

Vehicle Characteristics

 Model year, continuous

0.95

(0.91, 0.99)

0.96

(0.93, 0.98)

    

 Model year, categorical

  <1994

 

ref

 

ref

    

  1994–1997

1.72

(0.85, 3.48)

1.05

(0.51, 2.17)

    

  1998–2004

2.18

(1.15, 4.14)

1.83

(0.97, 3.43)

    

  2005–2008

1.17

(0.61, 2.26)

1.06

(0.55, 2.02)

    

  2009–2014

1.02

(0.53, 1.96)

0.92

(0.48, 1.76)

    

 Vehicle type

  Car

 

ref

 

ref

 

ref

 

ref

  SUV

0.80

(0.61, 1.06)

0.89

(0.73, 1.09)

0.40

(0.34, 0.47)

0.47

(0.41, 0.54)

  Van

0.51

(0.34, 0.78)

0.48

(0.35, 0.67)

0.41

(0.33, 0.51)

0.48

(0.40, 0.56)

  Pickup

0.43

(0.29, 0.66)

0.38

(0.27, 0.54)

0.29

(0.23, 0.37)

0.22

(0.18, 0.28)

Crash Characteristics

 Crash Side

  Same side

2.47

(2.08, 2.94)

2.78

(2.39, 3.23)

2.76

(2.48, 3.08)

2.54

(2.31, 2.79)

  Middle seated

0.47

(0.33, 0.67)

0.01

(0.00, 0.01)

0.64

(0.51, 0.80)

0.74

(0.60, 0.90)

  Opposite side

 

ref

 

ref

 

ref

 

ref

 Crash Type

        

  Single vehicle

19.35

(15.69, 23.87)

13.63

(11.21, 16.58)

4.50

(3.59, 5.64)

5.23

(4.32, 6.32)

  Angle

10.96

(9.28, 12.94)

8.71

(7.40, 10.26)

13.81

(11.15, 17.11)

10.85

(9.24, 12.73)

  Sideswipe-same direction

0.18

(0.11, 0.27)

0.18

(0.13, 0.27)

0.23

(0.15, 0.36)

0.27

(0.18, 0.41)

  Sideswipe-opposite direction

ref

 

ref

 

ref

 

ref

 Striking vehicle

  No striking vehicle

4.26

(1.89, 9.60)

2.55

(2.01, 3.23)

    

  Multiple vehicle

0.90

(0.33, 2.46)

1.83

(1.27, 2.62)

    

  Smaller/similar

 

ref

 

ref

    

  Larger

1.64

(0.87, 3.09)

1.45

(1.17, 1.78)

    

 Rollover

  No

 

ref

 

ref

 

ref

  

  Yes

31.66

(7.85, 127.63)

23.17

(5.22, 102.85)

42.40

(31.25, 57.53)

  

 Speed related

  No

 

ref

 

ref

 

ref

 

ref

  Yes

5.99

(2.06, 17.45)

2.14

(1.47, 3.11)

7.70

(6.00, 9.88)

5.70

(4.66, 6.97)

 Time of crash

  Day

 

ref

 

ref

    

  Night

0.96

(0.78, 1.19)

0.86

(0.64, 1.01)

    

 Week of Day

  Weekday

 

ref

 

ref

    

  Weekend

1.09

(0.89, 1.33)

1.01

(0.86, 1.19)

    
  1. aIncludes passengers that experienced a rollover
  2. bPassengers (n=9,318) involved in a rollover were excluded in the model