Table 8 Definitions for psychiatric disorder and substance use disorder by study

Bohnert et al. 2011 ^a

Non-substance use psychiatric disorders

Any SUD including alcohol

N/A

Bohnert et al. 2012 ^a

Bipolar I or II disorders, Any depressive disorder, Post-traumatic stress disorder, other anxiety disorder, and schizophrenia

Any SUD including alcohol

N/A

Brady et al. 2015

Depression diagnosis (ICD-10 codes 298, 311, 309.0, 309.1)

Drug dependence (ICD-10 code 304)

N/A

CDC Non-illicit Drugs Utah 2005

N/A

N/A

Davis, Weber and Salt Lake City and Utah counties were categorized as urban and the remaining counties were categories were categorized as rural

CDC Urbanization, New Mexico, 2005 ^b

N/A

N/A

Definition 1: Counties in metropolitan areas are considered urban and the remaining counties of residence were categorized as rural

Definition 2: Counties in metropolitan or micrpolitan areas are considered urban and the remaining counties of residence were categorized as rural

Dilokthornsakul et al. 2016

“Other psychiatric illness” (includes depression, bipolar/mixed mania, schizophrenia, anxiety/panic/obsessive compulsive, personality disorder, other psychosis; excludes drug/alcohol abuse)

Drug/alcohol abuse (ICD-9 codes 303.xx, 304.xx)

N/A

Dunn et al. 2010

Depression diagnosis

Substance abuse diagnosis two years prior to entry in the cohort

N/A

Havens et al. 2011a

Major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, or antisocial personality disorder

Ever in drug treatment

N/A

Lanier et al. 2012

N/A

N/A

The Utah Department of Health considers an urban county to have a population density exceeded 100 persons per sq. mile. Using this classification, only four counties in the state of Utah are considered “urban”: Salt Lake, Davis, Utah, and Weber.

Piercefield et al. 2010

N/A

N/A

County of residence was considered urban if the county population exceeded 500 persons per sq. mile of land area, with the remainder termed rural counties. Two counties: Oklahoma and Tulsa were categorized as “urban”.

Seal et al. 2012

Mental health diagnoses (ICD-CM-9 codes 290-319: including depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, alcohol use disorders, drug use disorders) and post-traumatic stress disorder

N/A

N/A

Silva et al. 2013

Care in a psychiatric hospital

Ever in drug treatment

N/A

Turner and Liang 2015

Depression diagnosis

“Other substance abuse” (excludes alcohol abuse)

N/A

Whitmire and Adams 2010

“Mental disorders” excluding drug dependence

Drug dependence

Rural/urban classification variable was created based on the North Carolina accountability regions. The ten counties that were a part of the accountability regions and used to define the “urban” classification are: Buncombe, Cumberland, Davidson, Durham, Forsyth, Gaston, Guilford, Mecklenburg, Onslow, and Wake counties.

Zedler et al. 2014

Depression diagnosis

Substance abuse and nonopioid substance dependence (excludes opioid dependence)

N/A