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Table 2 Injury and Hospital Care Characteristics of Children Hospitalized from 2009 to 2014 with Traumatic Brain Injury Due to Unintentional Falls

From: Characterization of children hospitalized with traumatic brain injuries after building falls

 

Building Falls

(n = 933)

All Other Types of Falls

(n = 22,880)

p-value* (Building vs Other)

Urban Building Falls

(n = 707)

Non-urban Building Fallsb (n = 190)

p-value* (Urban vs Non-urban)

Serious/Severe Head Injurya (%)

591 (63.4)

12,332 (53.9)

< 0.01

379 (53.6)

112 (58.9)

< 0.01

Serious/Severe Overall Injurya (%)

176 (18.9)

2957 (12.9)

< 0.001

2294 (13.0)

719 (13.4)

NS

Intensive Care Unit Admission (%)

445 (47.8)

4771 (20.9)

< 0.01

334 (47.2)

85 (44.7)

NS

Operating Room Admission (%)

114 (12.2)

1201 (5.2)

< 0.01

87 (12.3)

25 (13.2)

NS

Mechanical Ventilation (%)

127 (13.6)

725 (3.2)

< 0.01

97 (13.7)

25 (13.2)

NS

Mean LOS in Days (SD)

3.28 (6.6)

1.75 (3.2)

< 0.01

3.2 (6.2)

3.4 (7.6)

NS

Mean Billed Charges (SD)

$38,473 (89,234)

$16,016 (39,730)

< 0.01

$38,633 (89,060)

$35,970 (70,098)

NS

Hospital Region (%)

 Midwest

198 (21.2)

4847 (21.2)

< 0.001

129 (18.2)

69 (36.3)

< 0.001

 Northeast

128 (13.7)

3140 (13.7)

102 (14.4)

25 (13.2)

 South

327 (35.0)

10,355 (45.3)

261 (36.9)

57 (30.0)

 West

280 (30.0)

4538 (19.8)

215 (30.4)

39 (20.5)

Hospital Level 1 Trauma Designation (%)

 Yes

809 (86.7)

18,995 (83.0)

0.003

613 (86.7)

161 (84.7)

NS

 No

124 (13.3)

3885 (17.0)

94 (13.3)

29 (15.3)

  1. Legend: LOS length of stay, SD standard deviation
  2. aSerious/Severe head injury was identified if a child had a head abbreviated injury scale score of 3–6; Serious/Severe overall injury severity was identified if a child had a total injury severity score of ≥ 15
  3. *p -values obtained using Chi-square or Mann-Whitney U tests to evaluate for group differences
  4. bReflects children from Small Suburban Areas, Large Rural Towns, or Small Rural Town/Isolated Rural Areas
  5. Among children hospitalized with a TBI due a building fall, community-type was unknown for 36 (3.9%) children, so they are not included in the urban or nonurban columns