From: Knee osteoarthritis in professional football is related to severe knee injury and knee surgery
 | Current professional footballers (N = 964) | Retired professional footballers (N = 396) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | No knee OA | Knee OA | Total | No knee OA | Knee OA | |
Age (in years; mean ± SD) | 26 ± 4 | 26 ± 5 | 28 ± 4 | 36 ± 6 | 36 ± 6 | 38 ± 5 |
Height (in cm; mean ± SD) | 180 ± 8 | 180 ± 8 | 180 ± 9 | 181 ± 7 | 181 ± 7 | 181 ± 6 |
Weight (in kg; mean ± SD) | 75 ± 9 | 75 ± 9 | 75 ± 10 | 82 ± 9 | 82 ± 9 | 83 ± 9 |
Career duration (in years; mean ± SD) | 7 ± 4 | 7 ± 4 | 8 ± 5 | 11 ± 5 | 11 ± 5 | 11 ± 5 |
Level of play (top league; %) | 67 | 65 | 73 | 81 | 78 | 84 |
Educational level (%) | ||||||
 No schooling completed | 2 | 2 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
 Nursery/Elementary school | 3 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 |
 High school | 45 | 45 | 40 | 28 | 30 | 28 |
 Vocational/technical school | 16 | 15 | 19 | 8 | 7 | 7 |
 College, university or equivalent | 34 | 34 | 34 | 61 | 60 | 62 |
 Retirement duration (in years; mean ± SD) | 5 ± 4 | 5 ± 4 | 6 ± 4 | |||
 Forced retirement (%) | 30 | 23 | 40 | |||
 Employed (%) | 89 | 88 | 92 |