An educational intervention for medical students to improve self-efficacy in firearm injury prevention counseling

Table 4 Measures of self-efficacy, attitude/beliefs and knowledge of FIP in intervention groups before and 6 months after receiving educational intervention*

	Control (N = 22)				Intervention (N = 43)				Comparison of diff’s
	Pre	6mo	Diff	Paired p-value	Pre	6mo	Diff	Paired p-value	p-value
1.I feel ready to counsel patients about firearm injury prevention				0.745				< 0.001	0.022
Mean (SD)	3.0 (1.1)	3.1 (1.1)	0.1 (1.1)		3.0 (1.1)	3.9 (0.7)	0.9 (1.3)		0.022
2. I am confident I can provide appropriate advice and resources to patients about firearm safety				0.115				< 0.001	0.105
Mean (SD)	2.6 (1.0)	2.9 (1.1)	0.3 (0.9)		2.9 (1.0)	3.6 (0.7)	0.7 (0.9)		0.105
3. There is not enough time in a doctor visit to talk about injury risk and prevention with a patient				0.182				0.260	0.415
Mean (SD)	2.8 (1.2)	3.3 (1.1)	0.5 (1.8)		2.9 (0.9)	3.1 (0.9)	0.2 (1.1)		0.415
4. Asking patients about firearms is a violation of privacy and can damage the patient-doctor relationship				0.212				0.851	0.216
Mean (SD)	1.7 (0.8)	1.9 (0.8)	0.2 (0.8)		1.8 (0.6)	1.7 (0.6)	−0.0 (0.7)		0.216
5. Physicians should be trained to provide firearm safety counseling				0.107				0.004	0.913
Mean (SD)	3.8 (0.9)	4.2 (0.8)	0.3 (1.1)		3.8 (0.7)	4.1 (0.6)	0.4 (0.8)		0.913
6. Gun violence should be considered a public health issue				0.020				0.660	0.052
Mean (SD)	4.7 (0.5)	4.5 (0.8)	−0.3 (0.5)		4.4 (0.6)	4.5 (0.7)	0.0 (0.7)		0.052
7. It is the physician’s role to counsel and advise about firearm safety and prevention				0.212				0.196	0.857
Mean (SD)	3.7 (0.8)	4.0 (0.6)	0.3 (0.9)		3.7 (0.9)	3.8 (0.8)	0.2 (0.8)		0.857
8. Number of correct quiz responses				0.128				< 0.001	0.018
Mean (SD)	2.9 (1.4)	3.2 (1.2)	0.4 (1.0)		2.9 (1.1)	4.1 (1.1)	1.3 (1.5)		0.018

* Questions 1–2 = self-efficacy, 3–7 = attitudes/beliefs, 8 = knowledge
**All responses were scored using a 5-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agree)

ISSN: 2197-1714