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Table 3 Adjusted prevalence ratios and 95%CI stratified by student demographics

From: Cellphone laws and teens’ calling while driving: analysis of repeated cross-sectional surveys in 2013, 2015, 2017, and 2019

Variables

Young driver ban

Concurrent bans

No ban

P-values&

Age#

< 0.0001

 15–16 years

1.02 (0.94, 1.11)

0.54 (0.49, 0.60)

Reference

 

  ≥ 17 years

1.08 (1.03, 1.14)

0.90 (0.84, 0.96)

Reference

 

Sex$

0.0151

 Female

1.02 (0.96, 1.08)

0.76 (0.70, 0.82)

Reference

 

 Male

1.07 (1.01, 1.14)

0.86 (0.80, 0.93)

Reference

 

Race*

0.0229

 White

1.06 (1.01, 1.10)

0.83 (0.78, 0.89)

Reference

 

 Black or African American

0.97 (0.77, 1.22)

0.74 (0.62, 0.89)

Reference

 

 Hispanic/Latino

0.93 (0.82, 1.06)

0.66 (0.57, 0.77)

Reference

 

 Othera

1.08 (0.92, 1.26)

0.89 (0.78, 1.02)

Reference

 
  1. CI Confidence Interval;
  2. &p-values for the interaction terms of age*law, sex*law, and race*law.
  3. #model adjusted for age, and interaction between age and cellphone laws, sex, race, the state’s percent of students in rural areas, and survey year.
  4. $model adjusted for sex, and interaction between sex and cellphone laws, age, race, the state’s percent of students in rural areas, and survey year.
  5. *model adjusted for race, and interaction between race and cellphone laws, age, sex, the state’s percent of students in rural areas, and survey year.
  6. aOther included: American Indian/Alaskan Native, Asian, Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, and Multiple- Non-Hispanic/Latino