Table 1 Characteristics of patients who were treated at UC San Diego after sustaining musculoskeletal injuries at the border between the USA and Mexico from 2013–2019

Age, mean (SD)

33.0 (9.7)

32.9 (9.8)

33.1 (9.4)

Gender, % Female

25.6

24.3

28.3

Ethnicity, %

Hispanic

84.5

84.4

84.9

Non-Hispanic

14.3

14.7

13.2

Unknown

1.2

0.9

1.9

Race, %

Unknown/no record

4.8

6.1

1.9

Other

81.5

82.6

79.3

White

10.1

8.7

13.2

Asian

3.6

2.6

5.7

Primary language, %

Chinese

0.6

0.9

–

English

9.5

7.8

13.2

Guajarati

0.6

0.9

–

Hindi

1.8

2.6

–

Mandarin

2.4

1.7

3.8

Other

2.4

1.7

3.8

Punjabi

2.4

2.6

1.9

Russian

0.6

–

1.9

Spanish

78.6

80.0

75.5

Unknown

1.2

1.7

–

Injury severity score, mean (SD)

9.0 (6.5)

8.5 (5.4)

10.2 (8.3)

Abbreviated Injury Scale, mean (SD)

Head/neck

2.5 (1.0)

2.3 (0.6)

2.7 (1.2)

Face

1.8 (0.7)

1.7 (0.2)

1.8 (0.4)

Chest

2.4 (0.7)

2.5 (0.8)

2.3 (0.6)

Abdomen/pelvis

2.5 (0.6)

2.7 (0.6)

2.3 (0.6)

Extremities

2.3 (1.0)

2.4 (1.1)

1.9 (0.6)

External

1.0 (0.3)

1.1 (0.3)

1.1 (0.3)

Number of injuries, mean (SD)

1.5 (0.8)

1.5 (0.8)

1.4 (0.6)

Multiple injuries, %

Bilateral

14.9

18.3

7.5

Unilateral

8.3

9.6

5.7

Number of injuries, %

One

65.5

63.5

69.8

Two

32.2

23.5

22.6

Three

10.7

12.2

7.5

 > Three

0.6

0.9

–