Opioid-related polysubstance use and its effect on mortality and health resource utilization among trauma patients

Table 3 Odds of mortality in adult trauma patients after adjusting multivariate logistic regression

Risk Factors	OR^a (95% CI)	p-value
Polysubstance by number of substances
Opioids only	Reference
Opioids + 1 substance	0.94 (0.77–1.15)	0.58
Opioids + ≥ 2 substance	0.82 (0.67–1.02)	0.08
Polysubstance by types of substances
Opioids only	Reference
Opioids and alcohol	0.79 (0.55–1.16)	0.24
Opioids and stimulants	1.15 (0.84–1.58)	0.37
Opioids and benzodiazepines	0.79 (0.59–1.06)	0.12
Opioids, stimulants and benzodiazepines	0.67 (0.39–1.16)	0.13
Opioids, alcohol and benzodiazepines	0.48 (0.23–0.98)	0.04

^aLogistic regression model was adjusted for age, sex, mechanism of injury, injury severity, Glasgow Coma Scale and systolic blood pressure, pulse rate and different comorbid conditions

ISSN: 2197-1714