Table 1 Characteristics of first-ranked hydrocarbon ingestions among individuals younger than 20 years old reported to the national poison data system by age group, 2000–2021
Characteristics | Age groups | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
< 6 years old | 6–12 years old | 13–19 years old | Unknown | Total | |
n (%)a | n (%)a | n (%)a | n | n (%)a | |
Route of exposure | |||||
Ingestion (without aspiration) | 228,752 (96.9) | 16,952 (98.8) | 29,971 (98.4) | 389 | 276,064 (97.2) |
Aspiration (with ingestion) | 7305 (3.1) | 214 (1.2) | 499 (1.6) | 3 | 8021 (2.8) |
Sex | |||||
Male | 146,412 (62.2) | 11,877 (69.5) | 24,494 (80.5) | 297 | 183,080 (64.6) |
Female | 89,055 (37.8) | 5202 (30.5) | 5940 (19.5) | 84 | 100,281 (35.4) |
Unknown | 590 | 87 | 36 | 11 | 724 |
Type of exposure | |||||
Single-substance | 232,756 (98.6) | 16,854 (98.2) | 29,405 (96.5) | 378 | 279,393 (98.3) |
Multiple-substance | 3301 (1.4) | 312 (1.8) | 1065 (3.5) | 14 | 4692 (1.7) |
Exposure site | |||||
Residence | 231,647 (98.4) | 15,227 (89.0) | 25,910 (86.5) | 266 | 273,050 (96.5) |
School | 287 (0.1) | 840 (4.9) | 1593 (5.2) | 84 | 2804 (1.0) |
Otherb | 3548 (1.5) | 1036 (6.1) | 2445 (8.3) | 29 | 7058 (2.5) |
Unknown | 575 | 63 | 522 | 13 | 1173 |
Reason for exposure | |||||
Unintentional | 235,393 (99.7) | 15,389 (90.1) | 24,048 (79.4) | 290 | 275,120 (96.9) |
Unintentional—general | 230,787 (97.8) | 12,030 (70.4) | 11,887 (39.2) | 186 | 254,890 (89.8) |
Unintentional—otherc | 4497 (1.9) | 3311 (19.4) | 12,053 (39.8) | 101 | 19,962 (7.0) |
Unintentional—unknown | 109 (0.0) | 48 (0.3) | 108 (0.4) | 3 | 268 (0.1) |
Intentional | 130 (0.0) | 1140 (6.7) | 5400 (17.8) | 73 | 6743 (2.4) |
Intentional—suspected suicide | 15 (0.0) | 80 (0.5) | 1253 (4.1) | 5 | 1353 (0.5) |
Intentional—misuse | 79 (0.0) | 825 (4.8) | 2980 (9.8) | 40 | 3924 (1.4) |
Intentional—abuse | 9 (0.0) | 136 (0.8) | 949 (3.1) | 25 | 1119 (0.4) |
Intentional—unknown | 27 (0.0) | 99 (0.6) | 218 (0.7) | 3 | 347 (0.1) |
Other | 430 (0.2) | 557 (3.2) | 859 (2.8) | 26 | 1872 (0.7) |
Unknown | 104 | 80 | 163 | 3 | 350 |
Management site | |||||
Managed on-site (non-HCF) | 175,633 (74.8) | 13,375 (78.4) | 22,256 (73.6) | 289 | 211,553 (74.9) |
Patient already in (enroute to) HCF when PC called | 40,785 (17.3) | 2499 (14.7) | 4988 (16.5) | 26 | 48,298 (17.1) |
Patient was referred by PC to a HCF | 17,117 (7.4) | 852 (5.0) | 2396 (7.9) | 35 | 20,400 (7.2) |
Other | 1365 (0.6) | 327 (1.9) | 603 (2.0) | 35 | 2330 (0.8) |
Unknown | 1157 | 113 | 227 | 7 | 1504 |
Level of health care received | |||||
No HCF treatment received | 176,998 (73.5) | 13,702 (80.4) | 22,859 (75.3) | 324 | 213,883 (74.1) |
Treated/evaluated and released | 41,903 (17.4) | 2661 (15.6) | 4631 (15.3) | 23 | 49,218 (17.1) |
Admitted | 10,188 (4.2) | 273 (1.6) | 1115 (3.7) | 1 | 11,577 (4.0) |
Admitted to a critical care unit | 3785 (1.6) | 70 (0.4) | 279 (0.9) | 0 | 4134 (1.4) |
Admitted to a non-critical care unit | 6385 (2.7) | 170 (1.0) | 318 (1.0) | 0 | 6873 (2.4) |
Admitted to a psychiatric facility | 18 (0.0) | 33 (0.2) | 518 (1.7) | 1 | 570 (0.2) |
Patient refused referral/did not arrive at HCF | 1566 (0.7) | 130 (0.8) | 630 (2.1) | 14 | 2340 (0.8) |
Unknownd | 5402 | 400 | 1235 | 30 | 7067 |
Medical outcome | |||||
No effect | 84,764 (37.2) | 4230 (25.5) | 4644 (16.1) | 61 | 93,699 (34.2) |
Minor effect | 43,638 (19.1) | 4080 (24.6) | 9375 (32.6) | 63 | 57,156 (20.9) |
Serious medical outcome | 10,609 (4.7) | 426 (2.6) | 1358 (4.7) | 6 | 12,399 (4.5) |
Moderate effect | 9636 (4.2) | 409 (2.5) | 1266 (4.4) | 6 | 11,317 (4.1) |
Major effect | 941 (0.4) | 17 (0.1) | 90 (0.3) | 0 | 1048 (0.4) |
Death | 32 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (0.0) | 0 | 34 (0.0) |
Not followed (minimal clinical effects possible) | 89,057 (39.0) | 7878 (47.4) | 13,393 (46.6) | 221 | 110,549 (40.4) |
Unknowne | 7989 | 552 | 1700 | 41 | 10,282 |
Overallf | 236,057 (83.2) | 17,166 (6.1) | 30,470 (10.7) | 392 | 284,085 (100.0) |