Table 3 Characteristics of 729,279 SLF-injured adults, 65 years-old and older by 30-day all-cause readmission status*

Prevalence, n

85,287

643,993

% (95% CI)

11.7 (11.6–11.8)

88.3 (88.2–88.4)

Emergency readmission, % (95% CI)

92.9 (92.7–93.1)

n/a

–

n/a

–

Age, years, mean (95% CI)

81.3 (81.2–81.4)

81.0 (80.9–81.0)

1.006 (1.004–1.007)

Gender, female, %, (95% CI)

62.1 (61.6–62.6)

69.9 (69.7–70.2)

0.69 (0.68–0.71)

Payer status %, (95% CI)

 Medicare/medicaid

95.0 (94.6–95.3)

94.0 (93.7–94.3)

Referent

 Private insurance

3.5 (3.2–3.8)

4.2 (3.9–4.5)

0.83 (0.79–0.88)

 Uninsured

0.2 (0.2–0.3)

0.3 (0.2–0.4)

0.75 (0.62–0.90)

**

 No charge

0.02 (0.01–0.05)

0.02 (0.01–0.04)

0.93 (0.53–1.66)

††

 Other payer

1.3 (1.2–1.4)

1.5 (1.4–1.6)

0.83 (0.76–0.90)

Injury categories, % (95% CI)

 Skull fracture, ± brain injury

1.2 (1.1–1.3)

1.0 (0.9–1.0)

1.22 (1.11–1.33)

 Rib and/or sternal fractures

7.4 (7.1–7.7)

7.3 (7.1–7.6)

1.03 (0.99–1.07)

††

 Cervical spine fractures

2.8 (2.6–3.1)

2.8 (2.7–3.0)

1.03 (0.98–1.09)

 Thoracic spine fractures

3.6 (3.4–3.8)

3.2 (3.1–3.3)

1.12 (1.07–1.18)

 Lumbar spine fractures

4.2 (4.0–4.4)

3.9 (3.8–4.0)

1.11 (1.06–1.16)

 Pelvis fractures

6.3 (6.0–6.5)

7.2 (7.1–7.3)

0.85 (0.82–0.88)

 Humerus, radius, ulna, wrist, hand fracture

9.6 (9.4–10.0)

10.2 (10.0–10.4)

0.94 (0.91–0.97)

 Femur, patella, tibia, fibula, ankle, foot fracture

52.8 (52.0–53.6)

55.7 (55.0–56.4)

0.88 (0.87–0.90)

 Traumatic brain injuries, ± coma

16.8 (16.2–17.4)

13.4 (13.0–14.0)

1.31 (1.28–1.34)

 Pancreas, liver, spleen, adrenal inj

0.4 (0.3–0.5)

0.3 (0.3–0.4)

**

1.25 (1.08–1.46)

**

 Kidneys, ureter, bladder, urethra

0.3 (0.3–0.4)

0.2 (0.2–0.3)

1.38 (1.17–1.64)

†

 Open wounds

8.6 (8.3–8.9)

8.0 (7.8–8.2)

1.07 (1.04–1.11)

 Vascular injuries

0.2 (0.2–0.3)

0.2 (0.1–0.2)

**

1.35 (1.10–1.65)

**

 Spinal cord injuries

0.8 (0.7–0.9)

0.6 (0.6–0.7)

1.29 (1.16–1.44)

 Superficial contusions/abrasions

14.4 (14.0–14.9)

13.6 (13.3–13.9)

1.07 (1.04–1.10)

Comorbid conditions, % (95% CI)

 Autoimmune disorders

4.8 (4.6–5.0)

4.5 (4.4–4.6)

1.07 (1.02–1.12)

 Anemia deficiency

25.4 (24.8–25.9)

19.9 (19.6–20.3)

1.37 (1.34–1.40)

 Coagulopathies

10.1 (9.8–10.5)

7.4 (7.2–7.5)

1.42 (1.38–1.47)

 Dementia

25.3 (24.8–25.8)

24.0 (23.8–24.2)

1.07 (1.05–1.10)

 Depression

16.1 (15.6–16.5)

15.9 (15.6–16.1)

1.01 (0.99–1.04)

 Diabetes, chronic complications

21.1 (20.6–21.5)

14.9 (14.7–15.1)

1.54 (1.51–1.58)

 Diabetes, without complications

11.7 (11.4–12.1)

11.9 (11.7–12.1)

††

0.99 (0.96–1.02)

††

 Heart failure

26.4 (25.9–26.9)

17.0 (16.8–17.3)

1.75 (1.72–1.79)

 Hypothyroidism

23.5 (23.0–26.9)

23.1 (22.9–23.4)

1.01 (0.99–1.79)

 Hypertension, complicated

40.0 (39.3–40.6)

28.7 (28.3–29.0)

1.66 (1.62–1.69)

 Hypertension, uncomplicated

44.2 (43.6–44.8)

51.0 (50.6–51.3)

0.76 (0.75–0.78)

 Chronic pulmonary disease

25.7 (25.3–26.2)

20.5 (20.2–20.7)

1.35 (1.32–1.38)

 Neurological disorders affecting movement

6.1 (5.9–6.3)

5.8 (5.7–5.9)

1.08 (1.03–1.12)

 Obesity

9.4 (9.1–9.8)

8.0 (7.8–8.2)

1.22 (1.18–1.26)

 Neurological disorders, other

11.8 (11.4–12.1)

8.9 (8.7–9.1)

1.37 (1.33–1.41)

 Paralysis

5.0 (4.8–5.2)

4.2 (4.1–4.3)

1.19 (1.14–1.24)

 Peripheral vascular disease

9.0 (8.7–9.4)

7.5 (7.2–7.7)

1.24 (1.20–1.28)

 Renal failure, moderate

19.9 (19.5–20.4)

15.6 (15.3–15.8)

1.35 (1.32–1.38)

 Renal failure, severe

8.6 (8.3–8.9)

4.2 (4.1–4.3)

2.18 (2.10–2.25)

 Valvular heart disease

12.7 (12.3–13.0)

10.1 (9.9–10.3)

1.30 (1.27–1.34)

 Weight loss

9.5 (9.1–9.9)

7.3 (7.0–7.5)

1.35 (1.31–1.40)

 Liver disease, severe

1.0 (0.9–1.1)

0.4 (0.4–0.5)

2.20 (1.99–2.43)

TMPM probability of death, %, median (IQR)

2.3 (1.4)

2.1 (1.4)

1.12 (1.10–1.13)

Elixhauser comorbidity index, readmission

Median (IQR)

16 (25)

11 (20)

1.03 (1.03–1.03)

Discharge disposition, %, (95% CI)

Routine

10.7 (10.2–11.0)

13.8 (13.5–14.2)

Referent

 Transfer to short-term hospital

1.6 (1.5–1.8)

0.8 (0.8–0.9)

2.66 (2.46–2.89)

 Skilled nursing, intermediate care

72.9 (72.3–73.5)

68.3 (67.8–68.8)

1.39 (1.35–1.43)

 Home health care

14.2 (13.7–14.6)

16.6 (16.3–17.0)

1.12 (1.08–1.16)

 Left against medical advice

0.6 (0.5–0.8)

0.4 (0.3–0.5)

2.08 (1.84–2.34)

Year, %, (95% CI)

 2018

49.0 (46.3–51.7)

48.7 (46.1–51.3)

 2019

51.0 (48.3–53.7)

51.3 (48.7–53.8)

Zip code income quartile, %, (95% ci)

 $1–$37,999

24.0 (22.9–25.2)

22.8 (21.8–23.8)

Referent

 $38,000–$47,999

27.4 (26.4–28.3)

27.5 (26.6–28.3)

0.94 (0.92–0.97)

 $48,000–$63,999

25.8 (24.9–26.7)

26.3 (25.6–27.2)

0.92 (0.90–0.95)

 $64,000+

22.8 (21.5–24.1)

23.4 (22.2–24.7)

0.91 (0.89–0.94)

Hospital urban/rural designation, %, (95% CI)

 Large metropolitan, > 1 million population

53.8 (51.1–56.4)

52.5 (49.9–55.0)

Referent

 Small metropolitan, < 1 million population

38.6 (36.0–41.2)

39.1 (36.6–41.7)

0.97 (0.95–0.99)

 Micropolitan, 10,000–50,000 population

6.1 (5.3–7.1)

6.7 (5.9–7.6)

0.88 (0.84–0.92)

 Non-urban

1.5 (1.2–1.7)

1.7 (1.4–1.9)

0.84 (0.76–0.92)

Hospital teaching designation, %, (95% CI)

 Metropolitan, non-teaching

20.9 (19.2–22.8)

21.1 (19.5–22.9)

Referent

 Metropolitan, teaching

71.4 (69.4–73.4)

70.5 (68.5–72.4)

1.01 (0.99–1.04)

††

 Non-metropolitan

7.6 (6.8–8.5)

8.4 (7.6–9.3)

0.89 (0.86–0.93)

Major therapeutic procedures, %, (95% CI)

54.4 (53.7–55.2)

56.9 (56.3–57.5)

0.90 (0.88–0.92)

Length of stay, days, median (IQR)

5 (4)

4 (3)

1.02 (1.02–1.02)

Palliative care consult, %, (95% CI)

1.6 (1.5–1.8)

3.0 (2.9–3.1)

0.56 (0.52–0.61)

Hospital charge, $, median (IQR)

59,684 (68,626)

53,362 (58,685)

1.00 (1.00–1.00)